WS 4.1 The Anglo-Saxon Minsters of Winchester
Birthe Kjølbye-Biddle, Martin Biddle (Oxford, 2026)

This volume is now available to order online via the Archaeopress website.

A definitive multi-volume study of Winchester’s Anglo-Saxon minsters—Old Minster, New Minster and Nunnaminster—integrating archaeological, documentary and scientific evidence to reconstruct their development, burial practices, and role in royal power and the cult of St Swithun.

This three-volume work offers a comprehensive study of Winchester’s three Anglo-Saxon minsters – Old Minster, New Minster and Nunnaminster/St Mary’s Abbey – together with their cemeteries, domestic buildings, and elements absorbed into the Norman cathedral including the setting for the cult of St Swithun. Scientific evidence, and documentary, architectural, and artistic sources are woven into the results of the major excavations carried out on the sites of Old and New Minster between 1961 and 1970, and later work on Nunnaminster/St Mary’s Abbey, to present a new synthesis of Winchester’s ecclesiastical landscape.

Volume 1 explores the archaeology of the first church, its documented origins in the mid-seventh century, and north Italian inspiration. It traces the architectural and liturgical development of Old Minster into a major complex celebrating the cult of St Swithun, its design inspired by the Tomb of Christ in Jerusalem. Documentary sources for the foundation of New Minster, the memorial church for the house of Wessex, on the Frankish model of Saint-Denis, are examined; archaeological evidence, though less extensive, confirms its final scale and magnificence before its documented removal to Hyde Abbey. The destruction and robbing of the two minsters during the building of the Norman cathedral are detailed.

Volume 2 analyses burial practices in the Old and New Minster cemeteries, and their British and Continental parallels. Their evolution into the medieval Paradise cemetery follows, with the later ‘memorial court’ focused on St Swithun’s original burial place. Key finds are summarized, including gold braids from the probable grave of the ninth-century prince Æthelstan. The architectural setting in Winchester Cathedral of St Swithun’s cult is examined. The archaeology and history of Nunnaminster and its successor St Mary’s Abbey are explored. The wider context for the Minsters as part of the evolution of Winchester as royal power centre is summarized. An appendix reviews cross-plan churches in the Byzantine empire and Europe.

In addition to the illustrations with the text, Volume 3 contains detailed plans and sections, photographs, phasing charts, and images of manuscripts, artefacts and comparative churches.